English

OCTOBER 2015

ENGLISH FESTIVAL 2015 WINDSOR ROYAL SCHOOL 

RESTAURANT PRESENTATION 

 

David Guerra 9°B

I am so tired , please get in to this restaurant to eat something, and in that way we could gain energy to finish the celebration here in Ireland, I know that here we could learn something about this beautiful country, because I am sure that each one has something to tell about this.

Juan Diego Pineda 9°A

Yes, I will tell you about the history of ST Patrick, as you know this is celebrated in March 17^th each year; it is the feast day of Ireland patron, Saint Patrick. This is celebrated in Ireland and all over the world by people of Ireland heritage; it has become a celebration of Irish culture. Saint Patrick was a Cristian missioner and a priest, he died in March 17^th. what about you Elena ?

Elena Borserini 9°A

I will talk about the clothes; they mainly use green clothes, because Saint Patrick used a green shamrock as a symbol to explain the holy trinity to Irish pagans, that is the reason why the green color has expanded itself all over the world.

Lina Barrera  9°B

Let me say this, the colour green has been associated with Ireland since at least the 1640s, when the green harp flag was used by the Irish Catholic Confederation. Green ribbons and shamrocks have been worn on St Patrick's Day since at least the seventeenth century.

Sebastian Garnica 9°B

Ok but let me  talk about the most important thing for me that is the music, because without music there is no  happiness in the party, the music here in Ireland is very different from other as the Harp is one the main musical instrument taking the attention of all people over the world.

Carlos Escobar 9°A

No, no , no, you’re wrong  Sebastian, the food is the most important in this party, if you don’t  eat, you won’t  have energy, I will recommend a delicious dish which is the holy food in this celebration, let´s order corned beef and cabbage.

Miguel Fuentes 9°A   Yes, and let´s order green beer which is the most especial beverage here in Ireland, this drinking is very popular, you can find it in every bar here in Dublin.     Let’s eat and enjoy!! 

RUGBY PRESENTATION

By:

                   
Daniel Romero Céspedes        

Victor Pestana Gómez

Alejandro Mortimer Arango                          9°B

Said Haddad Tamer  

Sebastián Taboada Ramos          Uniforme.

Bernardo Vega 9°B  

Aquí los participantes del acto harán demostraciones de las diferentes estrategias y jugadas de Rugby, las cuales serán explicadas por uno de los estudiantes.

CHOREOGRAPHY PRESENTATION   BY

 Stephany Guardiola 9°A

Aristides Bula 9°A

Juan Camilo Salgado 9°A

Daniela Villalba 9°A

Ricardo Rumié 9°B

Jose Maria Córdoba 9°A

Juan Camilo Salazar 9°A

Laura Pérez 9°B

Maria Alejandra López 9°A

Arlez roca   9°A

Camilo Guerra 9°A

Elias Buelvas 9°B

VESTUARIO

SONG PRESENTATION BY:

Julieta Umaña Areniz

José Antonio Padilla Fernández

“I have nothing”  

SEPTIEMBRE 2015 

ST PATRICK´S DAY 

Dear student I hope you are ok, we will be preparing our presentation for the english festival .... Please let´s do the best  and make a huge effort to take it ahead

Learn a little  

JULY 7- 17/ 2015

III TERM.

TOPICS:

REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS:

SINGULAR	PLURAL
yourself	ourselves
myself	themselves
herself	yourselves
himself

myself (maisélf) - me, yo mismo

·        

·         I cut myself with a knife.
Me corté con un cuchillo. 

·         I painted the house myself. 
Pinté la casa yo mismo. 

·         Bring me a mirror. I want to look at myself. 
Tráeme un espejo. Quiero mirarme.

yourself (iorsélf) - te, se, tú mismo

·        

·         You will hurt yourself with that knife.
Te lastimarás con ese cuchillo.

·         You have not been yourself lately.
No has sido tú mismo últimamente.

·         Johny, you have to believe in yourself.
Johny, tienes que creer en ti mismo.

himself (jimsélf) - se, él mismo

·        

·         He looked at himself in the mirror.
Se miró en el espejo.

·         He himself prepared everything.
Él mismo preparó todo.

·         He will kill himself with that motorbike if he if not careful enough.
El se matará con esa motocicleta si no tiene el cuidado suficiente.

herself (jersélf) - se, ella misma

·        

·         She burned herself while cooking the pizza. 
Ella se quemó mientras estaba cocinando la pizza.

·         She herself fixed the car. 
Ella misma arregló el auto.

·         She took a knife and defended herself. 
Ella tomó un cuchillo y se defendió.

itself (itsélf) - se, a sí mismo

·        

·         The bird threw itself into the water. 
El pájaro se arrojó al agua.

·         The proposal itself surprised everybody in the room.
La propuesta misma sorprendió a todos en el recinto.

·         They want to create a material that can repair itself.
Ellos quieren crear un material que se pueda reparar a sí mismo.

ourselves (aorsélvs) - nos, nosotros mismos

·        

·         We put ourselves at great risk in that situation.
Nos pusimos en gran riesgo en esa situación.

·         We can finish the project ourselves.
Podemos terminar el proyecto nosotros mismos.

·         Let's introduce ourselves.
Presentémosnos.

yourselves (iorsélvs) - se, ustedes mismos

·        

·         You all can consider yourselves lucky to be here.
Todos ustedes pueden considerarse afortunados de estar aquí.

·         As you yourselves can see, this has been very easy.
Como ustedes mismos pueden ver, esto ha sido muy fácil.

·         Girls, don't limit yourselves.
Chicas, no se limiten.

themselves (demsélvs) - se, ellos mismos

·        

·         They found themselves in serious trouble.
Ellos se encontraron en serios problemas.

·         They themselves wrote the article for the newspaper.
Ellos mismos escribieron el artículo para el periódico.

·         The boys bought themselves a dog. 
Los chicos se compraron un perro.

Nota: by oneself (uansélf) = alone (alóun) - solo

·        

·         I live here by myself
Vivo aquí solo.

·         She went on vacation by herself.
Ella se fue de vacaciones sola.

EACH OTHER: 

Reflexive and Reciprocal Pronouns

Decide whether you have to use the reflexive pronoun, the reciprocal pronoun (each other) or nothing.

1. John hurt himselfeach other- when climbing the tree.
2. Peter and Sue helped themselveseach other- with the homework.
3. I feel myselfeach other- much better today.
4. Did she make herselfeach other- a cup of tea?
5. The wild monkey looked at itselfeach other- in the mirror.
6. Brigit and Billy smiled at themselveseach other-.
7. We're meeting ourselveseach other- at the station.
8. During the meeting, Jane and Mary were talking to themselveseach other-.
9. I don't remember myselfeach other- where we spent our holiday last year.
10. We need to concentrate ourselveseach other-.

June 15th - July 6th / 2015

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June 9th - 12th / 2015

Vocabulary: Body Decoration!

Hey! 

During this unit in my English class we're going to learn vocabulary about body decoration. We can see so many words about this, take a look at the following list of useful words.

Byee! :)

• Beard
• Chain
• Dreadlocks
• Hair dye 
• Lipstick 
• Moustache
• Nail varnish
• Necklace
• Piercing
• Ring
• Sideburns 
• Tattoo
• Now, take a time to answer this questios: 
• Would you like to decorate your body?

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June 1st - 5th / 2015

II TERM EXAMS WEEK

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May 25th - 29th / 2015

II Term English Exam 

 Wednesday,June 3rd 2015

Topics

-          Can – Could – Will be able to

-          May – Might – Could – Must – Can’t 

-          Be going to

-          Will – Won’t

-          Vocabulary: Medical science – Unit 3

-          Vocabulary: Travel: Compound nouns – Unit 4

- Vocabulary: Travel: Verbs - Unit 4

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May 19th - 22nd / 2015

Compound Nouns

A compound noun is a noun that is made with two or more words. A compound noun is usually [noun + noun] or [adjective + noun], but there are other combinations (see below). It is important to understand and recognize compound nouns. Each compound noun acts as a single unit and can be modified by adjectives and other nouns.

There are three forms for compound nouns:

1. open or spaced - space between words (tennis shoe)
2. hyphenated - hyphen between words (six-pack)
3. closed or solid - no space or hyphen between words (bedroom)

Here are some examples of compound nouns:

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May 11th - 15th / 2015

BE GOING TO

We use 'going to' when we want to talk about a plan for the future.

• I'm going to see him later today.
• They're going to launch it next month.
• We're going to have lunch first.
• She's going to see what she can do.
• I'm not going to talk for very long.

Notice that this plan does not have to be for the near future.

• When I retire I'm going to go back to Barbados to live.
• In ten years time, I'm going to be boss of my own successful company.

We use 'going to' when we want to make a prediction based on evidence we can see now.

• Look out! That cup is going to fall off.
• Look at those black clouds. It's going to rain soon.
• These figures are really bad. We're going to make a loss.
• You look very tired. You're going to need to stop soon.

EXERCISES

Put the verbs into the correct form of BE GOING TO

1. It (rain) .
2. They (eat)  stew.
3. I (wear)  blue shoes tonight.
4. We (not / help)  you.
5. Jack (not / walk)  home.
6. (cook / you)  dinner?
7. Sue (share / not)  her biscuits.
8. (leave / they)  the house?
9. (take part / she)  in the contest?
10. I (not / spend)  my holiday abroad this year

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May 4th - May 8th / 2015

will

ONE OF THE MOST COMMON WAYS TO TALK ABOUT THE FUTURE IS WITH WILL, FOR EXAMPLE: I WILL CALL YOU TONIGHT. WE OFTEN CALL THIS THE "FUTURE SIMPLE TENSE", BUT TECHNICALLY THERE ARE NO FUTURE TENSES IN ENGLISH. IN THIS CONSTRUCTION, THE WORD WILL IS A MODAL AUXILIARY VERB.

HERE ARE THE THREE MAIN WAYS THAT WE USE WILL TO TALK ABOUT THE FUTURE.

NO PLAN

WE USE WILL WHEN THERE IS NO PRIOR PLAN OR DECISION TO DO SOMETHING BEFORE WE SPEAK. WE MAKE THE DECISION AT THE TIME OF SPEAKING. LOOK AT THESE EXAMPLES:

• HOLD ON. I WILL GET A PEN.
• WE WILL SEE WHAT WE CAN DO TO HELP YOU.
• MAYBE WE WILL STAY IN AND WATCH TELEVISION TONIGHT.

IN THESE EXAMPLES, WE HAD NO FIRM PLAN BEFORE SPEAKING. THE DECISION WAS MADE AT THE TIME OF SPEAKING.

WE OFTEN USE WILL WITH THE VERB THINK:

• I THINK I WILL GO TO THE GYM TOMORROW.
• I THINK I WILL HAVE A HOLIDAY NEXT YEAR.
• I DON'T THINK I WILL BUY THAT CAR.

PREDICTION

WE OFTEN USE WILL TO MAKE A PREDICTION ABOUT THE FUTURE. AGAIN, THERE IS NO FIRM PLAN. WE ARE SAYING WHAT WE THINK WILL HAPPEN. HERE ARE SOME EXAMPLES:

• IT WILL RAIN TOMORROW.
• PEOPLE WON'T GO TO JUPITER BEFORE THE 22ND CENTURY.
• WHO DO YOU THINK WILL GET THE JOB?

EXERCISES

WRITE IN WILL OR WON'T.

1. DON'T GET UP, I ________ANSWER THE PHONE.

2. IF YOU EAT TOO MUCH YOU __________PUT ON WEIGHT.

4. DON'T STAY OUT TOO LATE, YOU _________GET UP ON TIME.

4. I DON'T THINK SHE ____________PASS THE EXAM, SHE ISN'T VERY GOOD.

5. YOU MAY AS WELL GO HOME NOW, I__________BE BACK FOR HOURS.

6. GO TO BED AND YOU ___________FEEL BETTER TOMORROW.

7. IT'S MARY'S BIRTHDAY NEXT MONTH. SHE___________BE 18.

8. THEY ARE ON HOLIDAY FOR TWO WEEKS SO THEY __________BE HERE TOMORROW.

9. __________THEY WANT DINNER?

10. IF THE WEATHER IS OK, THE PLANE __________ LEAVE ON TIME

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APRIL 27TH - MAY 1ST / 2015

SUFFIXES

 SUFFIXES ARE: A LETTER OR A GROUP OF LETTERS THAT IS ADDED TO THE END OF AWORD TO CHANGE ITS MEANING OR TO FORM A DIFFERENT WORD.

EXAMPLES OF SUFFIX:

1. The adjective “smokeless” is formed by adding the suffix “-less” to the noun“smoke.”
2. The adverb “sadly” is formed by adding the suffix “-ly” to the adjective“sad.”

EXERCISES

Make the words longer with the right suffix.

1. careful  ness age ledge ship ment y ful dom let kind ache

2. jealous  ness age ledge ship ment y ful dom let kind ache

3. king  ness age ledge ship ment y ful dom let kind ache

4. book  ness age ledge ship ment y ful dom let kind ache

5. head  ness age ledge ship ment y ful dom let kind ache

6. spoon  ness age ledge ship ment y ful dom let kind ache

7. polite  ness age ledge ship ment y ful dom let kind ache

8. relation  ness age ledge ship ment y ful dom let kind ache

9. man  ness age ledge ship ment y ful dom let kind ache

10. drain  ness age ledge ship ment y ful dom let kind ache

11. punish  ness age ledge ship ment y ful dom let kind ache

12. free  ness age ledge ship ment y ful dom let kind ache

13. crude  ness age ledge ship ment y ful dom let kind ache

14. know  ness age ledge ship ment y ful dom let kind ache 

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APRIL 20TH - 24TH / 2015

PHRASAL VERBS

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What are phrasal verbs?

PHRASAL VERBS ARE MAINLY USED IN SPOKEN ENGLISH AND INFORMAL TEXTS. (THE MORE FORMAL A CONVERSATION OR TEXT, THE LESS PHRASAL VERBS ARE FOUND.)
PHRASAL VERBS CONSIST OF A VERB AND A PARTICLE (PREPOSITION, ADVERB). THE PARTICLE CAN CHANGE THE MEANING OF THE VERB COMPLETELY. FOR EXAMPLE::

• LOOK UP – CONSULT A REFERENCE BOOK (LOOK A WORD UP IN A DICTIONARY)
• LOOK FOR – SEEK (LOOK FOR HER RING)
• LOOK FORWARD – ANTICIPATE WITH PLEASURE (LOOK FORWARD TO MEETING SOMEONE)

THERE ARE NO RULES THAT MIGHT EXPLAIN THE MEANING OF PHRASAL VERBS. ALL YOU CAN DO IS LOOK THEM UP IN A GOOD DICTIONARY AND STUDY THEIR MEANINGS.

EXERCISES: PHRASAL VERBS

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Do the exercises on phrasal verbs and click on the button to check your answers.

(Before doing the exercises you may want to read the lesson on phrasal verbs)

Complete the sentences.

passed away, do without, look forward to, called off,  made up, carried away, break out, run out, put up with, keep up.

1. Don't smoke in the forest. Fires  easily at this time of the year.
2. I  seeing my friends again.
3. I'm afraid; we have  of apple juice. Will an orange juice do?
4. Your website has helped me a lot to  the good work.
5. A friend of mine has  her wedding.
6. His mother can't  his terrible behavior anymore.
7. As an excuse for being late, she  a whole story.
8. I got  by his enthusiasm.
9. I just cannot  my mobile. I always keep it with me.
10. she was very sad because her father  last week

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April 13th -17th 2015

MAY - MIGHT - COULD - MUST - CAN'T May, might, could, must and can't are modal auxiliary verbs which are used to talk about  possibility and deduction.  'Where's Sarah?' 'She might/may/could be in the garden.'    (Perhaps she's in the garden.) 'You must know Rio de Janeiro very well.' 'You've lived there all your life.'    (I'm sure you know Rio very well.) 'Where's your sister?' 'She can't be very far. She was here ten minutes ago.'     (It's not possible.)

Uses

1. May, might and could are used to talk about possibility. Might is normally less sure than  may and could is even less sure than might and may.

Eg: 'Who's at the door?' 'It may/might/could be my mother.' (Perhaps it's my mother.)

2. Must is used to talk about deductions, that is, when we're sure about something.

Eg: It's very cold today and you're not wearing a coat. You must be very cold! (I'm sure you're cold.)

3. Can't is used as the negative form of must in this meaning to say that something is imposible

Eg: My parents can't be asleep. Look! There's a light on in their bedroom. (It's impossible.)

EXERCISES

Choose the correct answer.

1      Anna's got two cars. she    mustmight  earn a lot of money.

2     I don't know if Tony's dad is a pilot. It    cancould  be true.

3     They've got 4 dogs and 3 cats. They    can'tmust  have a very big house.

4     'Jon's ill.' 'I saw him at the gym - he    mustcan't  be ill.

5     Stay in bed today. You    mightcan  have flu.

6     It    mustn'tcan't  be time to leave already .

7     I think the library is somewhere here - or it    mightcan  be in the town centre.
8     Is there no nightlife in your town? It    mustmay  be very boring!

9     That    might notcan't  be the Rolling Stones! It's a woman singing.

10   You've driven 300km today?! You    mustcould  be really tired

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April 6th to 10th 2015

CAN - COULD - WILL BE ABLE TO

Can, Could, Will be Able to are used to talk about ability in the present, past and future.

Examples:

CAN: I can ride a bike now.

COULD: She could read a story when she was 5 years old.

WILL BE ABLE TO: You will be able to drive a flying car within 20 years.

EXERCISES

Write the phrases in brackets in their correct forms into the gaps.

EXAMPLE: YESTERDAY I   A FILM, TODAY I CAN'T. (WATCH)

ANSWER: YESTERDAY I COULD WATCH A FILM, TODAY I CAN'T.

- Last week we  swimming, this week we can't. (go)

-Maybe the Smiths  a new house next year. (build)

-If you try hard, you  your examinations. (pass)

-When I was five, I . (not swim)

-Dennis  the trumpet after four months. (play)

-Luke has passed his driving test, now he  a car. (drive)

-I  to him on the phone for three weeks last month. (speak)

-Alex  his homework when his desk is in such a mess. (not do)

-They were so busy, they  me. (not text)

-Lisa  her dress. She can wear it again. (clean)

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March 24th - 27th / 2015

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March 16th - 20th 2015 

I TERM ENGLISH EXAM

TOPICS

- Vocabulary: Uses of GET - Book: Page 12

- Used to / Didn't use to

- Past simple

- Past perfect 

-Past continuous (When - While)

- Present perfect (Already, just, still, since, for)

- Vocabulary: Extreme adjectives - Book: Page 22

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March 9th - 13th 2015

Present Perfect

We use the present perfect simple.

- For actions happened at an unstated time in the past

- for actions which started in the past and are still continuing in the present.

- for actions which have recently finished and their results are visible in the present.

- to talk about an experience.

Time expresions used with the present perfect simple

for, since, just, already, yet, lately, recently, so far, ever, etc.

- We use for to express duration. eg I have known Peter for eight years

- We use since to state a starting point. She hasn't been to Europe since 1994.

- We use just and already in affirmative sentences. She has already done her homework.

EXERCISES

Complete the sentences with the correct form.

1) I  a new mobile phone. (just/buy)

2)My sister sushi. (already/ eat)

3)We your new tape yet. (hear)

4)How many words for your language project? (you/write)

5)Sheila her breakfast yet. (Have) 

6)What to the computer? (they/ do)

7)John and Alex in France for 20 years.(live)

8)Where my keys? ( I /leave)

9)Simon Pat's parents yet.(meet)

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March 2nd - 6th 2015

PAST CONTINUOUS vs PAST SIMPLE

Task

Choose the correct verb forms. Use Simple Past or the Past Progressive.

1. We        sat    was sitting    were sitting   at the breakfast table when the doorbell        rang    was ringing    were ringing  .
2. He        met    was meeting    were meeting   a lot of friendly people while he        worked    was working    were working   in California.
3. When they        left    was leaving    were leaving   the museum, the sun        shone    was shining    were shining  .
4. The students        played    was playing    were playing   cards when the teacher        came    was coming    were coming   in.
5. While the children        slept    was sleeping    were sleeping  , their parents        watched    was watching    were watching   TV.
6. It        started    was starting    were starting   to rain while she        watered    was watering    were watering   the flowers in her garden.
7. When I        opened    was opening    were opening   the door, it        rained    was raining    were raining  .
8. While Henry        had    was having    were having   a drink at the bar, his wife        swam    was swimming    were swimming   in the sea.
9. He        heard    was hearing    were hearing   a loud bang while he        talked    was talking    were talking   to his friend.
10. While he        took    was taking    were taking   a shower, his dogs        ate    was eating    were eating   his steaks
11. _____________________________________________________________________
12. February 23rd - 27th / 2015

Past Perfect

FORM

[had + past participle]

Examples:

• You had studied English before you moved to New York.
• Had you studied English before you moved to New York?
• You had not studied English before you moved to New York.

USE 1:  Completed Action Before Something in the Past

The Past Perfect expresses the idea that something occurred before another action in the past. It can also show that something happened before a specific time in the past.

Examples:

• I had never seen such a beautiful beach before I went to Kauai.
• I did not have any money because I had lost my wallet.
• Tony knew Istanbul so well because he had visited the city several times.
• Had Susan ever studied Thai before she moved to Thailand?

USE 2:  Duration Before Something in the Past (Non-Continuous Verbs)

With Non-Continuous Verbs and some non-continuous uses of Mixed Verbs, we use the Past Perfect to show that something started in the past and continued up until another action in the past.

Examples:

• We had had that car for ten years before it broke down.
• By the time Alex finished his studies, he had been in London for over eight years.
• They felt bad about selling the house because they had owned it for more than forty years.    __________________________________________________________________   February 16th - 20th / 2015

REVIEW

Simple Past

Examples:

• You called Debbie.
• Did you call Debbie?
• You did not call Debbie.

Completed Action in the Past

Use the Simple Past to express the idea that an action started and finished at a specific time in the past. Sometimes, the speaker may not actually mention the specific time, but they do have one specific time in mind.

Examples:

• I saw a movie yesterday.
• I didn't see a play yesterday.
• Last year, I traveled to Japan.
• Last year, I didn't travel to Korea.
• Did you have dinner last night?
• She washed her car.
• He didn't wash his car.

Series of Completed Actions

We use the Simple Past to list a series of completed actions in the past. These actions happen 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and so on.

Examples:

• I finished work, walked to the beach, and found a nice place to swim.
• He arrived from the airport at 8:00, checked into the hotel at 9:00, and met the others at 10:00.
• Did you add flour, pour in the milk, and then add the eggs?

Duration in Past

The Simple Past can be used with a duration which starts and stops in the past. A duration is a longer action often indicated by expressions such as: for two years, for five minutes, all day, all year, etc.

Examples:

• I lived in Brazil for two years.
• Shauna studied Japanese for five years.
• They sat at the beach all day.
• They did not stay at the party the entire time.
• We talked on the phone for thirty minutes.
• A: How long did you wait for them?
  B: We waited for one hour.

Habits in the Past

The Simple Past can also be used to describe a habit which stopped in the past. It can have the same meaning as "used to." To make it clear that we are talking about a habit, we often add expressions such as: always, often, usually, never, when I was a child, when I was younger, etc.

Examples:

• I studied French when I was a child.
• He played the violin.
• He didn't play the piano.
• Did you play a musical instrument when you were a kid?
• She worked at the movie theater after school.
• They never went to school, they always skipped class

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February 9th - 13th / 2015

REVIEW

Simple Present

Examples:

• You speak English.
• Do you speak English?
• You do not speak English.

Repeated Actions

Use the Simple Present to express the idea that an action is repeated or usual. The action can be a habit, a hobby, a daily event, a scheduled event or something that often happens. It can also be something a person often forgets or usually does not do.

Examples:

• I play tennis.
• She does not play tennis.
• Does he play tennis?
• The train leaves every morning at 8 AM.
• The train does not leave at 9 AM.
• When does the train usually leave?
• She always forgets her purse.
• He never forgets his wallet.
• Every twelve months, the Earth circles the Sun.
• Does the Sun circle the Earth?

Facts or Generalizations

The Simple Present can also indicate the speaker believes that a fact was true before, is true now, and will be true in the future. It is not important if the speaker is correct about the fact. It is also used to make generalizations about people or things.

Examples:

• Cats like milk.
• Birds do not like milk.
• Do pigs like milk?
• California is in America.
• California is not in the United Kingdom.
• Windows are made of glass.
• Windows are not made of wood.
• New York is a small city.

REVIEW

Present Continuous

Examples:

• You are watching TV.
• Are you watching TV?
• You are not watching TV

Now 

Use the Present Continuous with Normal Verbs to express the idea that something is happening now, at this very moment. It can also be used to show that something is not happening now.

Examples:

• You are learning English now.
• You are not swimming now.
• Are you sleeping?
• I am sitting.
• I am not standing.
• Is he sitting or standing?
• They are reading their books.
• They are not watching television.
• What are you doing?
• Why aren't you doing your homework?

Longer Actions in Progress Now

In English, "now" can mean: this second, today, this month, this year, this century, and so on. Sometimes, we use the Present Continuous to say that we are in the process of doing a longer action which is in progress; however, we might not be doing it at this exact second.

Examples: (All of these sentences can be said while eating dinner in a restaurant.)

• I am studying to become a doctor.
• I am not studying to become a dentist.
• I am reading the book Tom Sawyer.
• I am not reading any books right now.
• Are you working on any special projects at work?
• Aren't you teaching at the university now?

Near Future

Sometimes, speakers use the Present Continuous to indicate that something will or will not happen in the near future.

Examples:

• I am meeting some friends after work.
• I am not going to the party tonight.
• Is he visiting his parents next weekend?
• Isn't he coming with us tonight?